How risky I am to get HIV?
13019
Estimated HIV transmission risk per exposure for specific activities and events
| Activity | Risk-per-exposure |
|---|---|
| Vaginal sex, female-to-male, studies in high-income countries | 0.04% (1:2380) |
| Vaginal sex, male-to-female, studies in high-income countries | 0.08% (1:1234) |
| Vaginal sex, female-to-male, studies in low-income countries | 0.38% (1:263) |
| Vaginal sex, male-to-female, studies in low-income countries | 0.30% (1:333) |
| Vaginal sex, source partner is asymptomatic | 0.07% (1:1428) |
| Vaginal sex, source partner has late-stage disease | 0.55% (1:180) |
| Receptive anal sex amongst gay men, partner unknown status | 0.27% (1:370) |
| Receptive anal sex amongst gay men, partner HIV positive | 0.82% (1:123) |
| Receptive anal sex with condom, gay men, partner unknown status | 0.18% (1:555) |
| Insertive anal sex, gay men, partner unknown status | 0.06% (1:1666) |
| Insertive anal sex with condom, gay men, partner unknown status | 0.04% (1:2500) |
| Receptive fellatio | Estimates range from 0.00% to 0.04% (1:2500) |
| Mother-to-child, mother takes at least two weeks antiretroviral therapy | 0.8% (1:125) |
| Mother-to-child, mother takes combination therapy, viral load below 50 | 0.1% (1:1000) |
| Injecting drug use | Estimates range from 0.63% (1:158) to 2.4% (1:41) |
| Needlestick injury, no other risk factors | 0.13% (1:769) |
| Blood transfusion with contaminated blood | 92.5% (9:10) |
Sources: vaginal sex;1 anal sex;2 fellatio;3 2 mother-to-child;4 other activities.5
References
1. Boily MC et al. Heterosexual risk of HIV-1 infection per sexual act: systematic review and meta-analysis of observational studies. Lancet Infect Dis 9(2): 118-129, 2009
2. Vittinghoff E et al. Per-contact risk of human immunodeficiency virus transmission between male sexual partners. American Journal of Epidemiology 150: 306-311, 1999
3. Del Romero J et al. Evaluating the risk of HIV transmission through unprotected orogenital sex. AIDS 16(9): 1296-1297, 2002
4. Townsend C et al. Low rates of mother-to-child transmission of HIV following effective pregnancy interventions in the United Kingdom and Ireland, 2000-2006. AIDS 22: 973-981, 2008
5. Baggaley RF et al. Risk of HIV-1 transmission for parenteral exposure and blood transfusion. AIDS 20: 805-812, 2006
updated on 35 January 2020.
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